Typewriting-machine



F. A. HART.

TYPEWRITINfi MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3, 1919.

1,355,395, Patented Oct. 12, 1920.

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. bined typewriting and are ordinarily far UNITED STATESxPA'TENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK A. HART, OF BRITAIN, CONNEOTICUT. ASSIGNOR TO UNDERWOOD I COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N..Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TYPEWRITING-MACHINE.

To all'whomitmayconcern:

Be it known that I, F REDERIQK A. HART, a citizen of the United States residing in N ew.v Britain, in the county of Iiartford and State of Conn., have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriting- Machines, of which the followingis a specifi' cation.

One object of the present invention is to provlde improved column-selecting means suitable for usein writing machines, especially machines of the type knownas com- In such machines it is frequently desirable to select columns for for instance, in a combined typewriting and computing machine, certain columns may be automatically selected to serve foradding purposes, and others may be automatically selectedto serve for subtracting purposes, while others maybe used for neither adding nor subtracting. 'It is found that in machlnes hitherto inuse, the operatives, who

from being expert mechanics, are extremely likely to make errors resulting from the umns, or the selection of a column-which may bein the right place, but of which the selecting mechanism is automatically connected to perform the wrong functiom In typewriting machines, tabulating stops are well known, and such stops-are fre quently used in combined typewriting and In one. advantageous form of the present invention, the tabulating stops are utilized both as denomination-sele'cting means, and for the purpose of deter-- mining whetherthe machine shall be auto-- matically set to addor subtract in the columns in which they thus constitutes a composite tappet. Where it is not desired to use the column-stops for denomination selectors, said column-stops may, nevertheless, be provided with devices which determine whether said stops shall se-.

lectively cause addition or subtraction. In

A order to provide either the simple tabulatmg or the denomination-selecting type of stops with as many mnemomc safety reminders as possible, it has been found convenient in the present invention to color the stops, so that they will be dlstinguishable at a glance, even by those who do not understand the mechanics of the stops. For this Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 39,751. 1919. Serial No. 269,472.

computing machines.

different purposes, as, I

wrong seleetionof colare effective. Each stop Divided and this purpose, it is found convenient in the present invention to have the stops which serve for addition white or nickel-plated, whereas those which serve for subtraction may be black, and those which serve for tabulatlng purposes only, may be red or copperplated. In orderto further safeguard the convenient to form the stops or denomination-selecting blocks in such a way that they cannot be incorrectly placed on the rack-bar on which they are adjustably mounted.

cation 39,751, filed July. 14, 1915 now Patent No. 1,296,953, dated March 11, 1919).

Other features. and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a sectional side view of an Underwood-Hanson combined typewriting and computing machine, showing my invention as applied thereto,'the.showing being Patented Oct. 12, 1920. application filed January 3,'

This lapplication is a division of my a pli- 1 operative from making mistakes, it is found principally in section and largely diagram matic.

Fig. 2 is a side view of a subtraction stop. Fig. 3 is a rear view of the same. Fig. 4 is a side view of an adding stop.

. Fig.5 is a rear sectional view on line 55 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a side view of a neutral stop.

Fig. 7 is a front view of the same.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary rear view of the parts seen in Fig; 1, when the'carriage is entering an adding zone.

Fig. 9 is a skeleton perspective view, showing-a decimal-tabulating stop just beginning to set the machine to subtraction.

In the usual Underwood typewriting ma.- chine, numeral keys 1 and alphabet keys 2 depress key-levers 3'to swing type-bars 4 upwardly and rearwardly, so that types 5 thereon print "against the front side of a revoluble platen 6, in the .usual traveling carriage 7. The type-bars 4 for this purpose are journaled on the usual segment ring 8, and as they approach the platen, each typebar 4 actuates a universal bar 9 by means of a heel 10, for the purpose of causing the typewriter carriage to be step by means of its usual spring-barrel 11. To cause this step-by-step feeding, the universal bar9 actuates the usual dogs'12 and 13, which alternately engage the usual escapement wheel 14, aid $9apement wheel drawn along one to the typewriter carriage.

writer carriage moves along innthe adding denomination-selecting 7 zone, the machine may connected to the usual pinion 15, meshing with the usual rack 16, pivotally connected As the typezone, the numeral kle ys set up numbers, as in the Underwoodanson machine, in a temporary register in one denomination afteranother' as said-numbers are printed, and said registered numbers are later carried into the usual computing wheels, not shown. The computing'mechanism may comprise devices or tappets 26, which include the usual cam face 27, said face, as the carriage .travels along, leiig adapted to engage the upper ends 0 nominational rods 28 and slightly move said rods downwardly so that a combination of elements may be set up corresponding to the number printed by the numeralkeys, so that said number may be transferred to the dial 7 wheels by means of a general operator; the denominational" bars being depressed one after another" in the adding zone by the tappet 26. J In order to rapidly position the typewriter carriage in and at the computing be provided with the usual Underwood decimal tabulating mechanism, which includes a plunger or counterstop 40 whichfimay be moved into the path of the column stops 41 mounted on the rackbar 42, said rack-bar forming part of the usual Underwood typewriter carriage 7 To positionthe carriage, a stop and counterstop arrest the carriage after being released by the usual carriage-release devices, not shown herein. 7

In the present invention, as herein illus trated, he rack-bar 42 is shown as having only a single set of teeth 44 thereon, said teeth being on the under side, and each column stop is herein shown as provided with two spaced side walls 45 and 46, which are adapted to engage said teeth and com prise openings by which they engage the rack-bar so as to overlie the stop bar 42. These side walls are spaced so as to embrace two or more'consecutive teeth 44, so as to give a solid wide base for the stop, while the teeth 44 with which they co6perate are set at letter-space intervals. he side walls 45 and 46 are, kept spaced apart from each other by spacing sleeves 47, said side walls are joined.

sleeves surrounding rivets 48 by which the In the construction herein shown, two of the rivets 48 are placed in the portions of the walls which overlie the rack-bar 42, and these rivets and their spacing members 47 are located sufliciently near the inside edge of said walls ,to prevent said stop from being-inserted upside down on the rack-bar, this prevention resulting from the fact that if it is attempted to insert a stop upside down, one of its spacing members 47 will strike the ends of the rack teeth 44, and thus prevent the being inserted. T wo. of the rivet ing s and spacmembers 48 and 47 are placedat the opstop from poslte outer end 'of the stop, thus giving 1 firmness to the structure. Said is formed as a relatively tinuation being slotted at outer end slot is a continuation of the opening by which the stop embraces this slot giving the parts a slight toenable the stop to the rack-bar 42,

springiness accommodate itself to slight variations in the size of the rack-bar 42 tightly 42, even though it fits all bars enough not to The parts of embrace the rack-bar 42 are cal in form, but the right-hand the stop (as viewed by sitting at the machine) jar off in operation.

the walls 45 and 46 which largely identiwall 45 of the operative when is extended clownward 'tocooperate with the counter-stop 40 described above, whereas the wa shallow to reach the said counter-stop is elevated.

is cut away at the corners 52 an would ordinarily I ll 46-is too the counter-stop even when The stop d 53 which stop is inserted, and the lower corner 53 of each side is beveled on the slope away portion in order to enable the rack-bar 42 easily, curately positioned.

of the cutit to enter even if not quite ac- When one of these stops, therefore, is inserted .on the rack-bar 42, and is used to arrest the typewritercarriage, it will be observed that the side 46 which does not arrest the carriage passes over thecounter-stop 40 idly,

and the carriage is arrested by the other side 45 of the stop when that one reaches the counter-stop. Both the counter-stop and the arresting side 45 of the column sto manner customary in mg machines,

are beveled in the nderwood typewritand for the same purpose.

strike the rack-bar as the The stop thus described is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. This column stop is particularly well adapted to be used for operating the ordinaryautomatic devices for driving the general operator of the Underwood-Hanson machine.

One form of said devices is shown in the patent to John L. Thornton, No.

dated October 29, 1918, wherein the general operator is adapted to be driven by a motor.

I The stop shown in Fig. 4 is enabled to start the motor, and for provided with a downwardly from projection 63 this purpose said stop 1s extending tion may form an extension of the part of the stop which cooperates with the counterstop 40, if the stop is also used as a column when the carriage stop. This projection, moves out of the adding zone, and cams downward a starting rides over dog 64 on a lever pivoted at 65 and connected by a downwardly extending draw link- 66 to the bottom of the machine, where it i s connected its'wall 45, which-projecone arm of the dog and riveted to parts which control the motor, substantially in the manner shown in said Patent No. 1,283,360.

\Vhenever the typewriter carriage moves out of the adding zone. the extension 63 of the stop 11 draws the draw-link 66 upward, thereby starting the motor to drive the general operator. The motor then reciprocates the general operator through a forward and return movement to carry the number into the dial wheels.

In addition to adding, the present machine is adapted to subtract, which may be brought about by a cam bar extension 78 of the starting stop etl. such an extension being shown in Fig. 3. This extension is formed as a bar extending up between the plates 45 and 46. The rear rivets pass through the bar 78 and the spacing members 48 and 47 engage it, so that it forms a part of the body of the stop, the lower end of said bar being bent out horizontally and. beveled at the ends so as to extend over just the width of an adding column. This cam bar extension 78, as the carriage rides along, strikes a subtraction dog 79 on a lever 80, which lever is pivoted at 65, so that when said lever is cannned down by the cam bar extension 78, it draws upwardly a draw link 81 to cause the computing mechanism. to be set to subtract. This subt-raction mechanism may be substantially identical with that shown in said Patent N 0. 1,283,360.

The subtraction dog and the computationstarting dog are both of them so constructed that the carriage will be effective on them only during its forward feeding movement. and for this purpose are formed as pivoted dies 117 journaled on their levers 80, 119, said levers. being each provided with set screws 120 against which said dogs abut when the carriage is fed forwardly. 'but allowing said dogs to swing idly in the opposite direction, and being also provided each with a wire spring. not shown, which holds its dog in effective position, but is weak enough to yield on the returnstroke of the carriage.

If it be desired to utilize the stops as denomination-selecting devices, the adding and subtracting dogs may be provided with the tappets 26, above referred to, said tappets being pivoted on blocks 122 lying within thereto, said downwardly the denominational bars 28, which for this purpose have correspondingly cammed'faces. The blocks 122 are advantageously fast to only one wall of the stop. During the forward feed of the carriage, any dog 27 lies with its fiat face against the right-hand wall of its 'stop so that its cam face is held in effective position;

but on the return stroke of the carriage, said tappet is able to swing on its pivot to an ineffective position, its left-hand side (as viewed by the operative when sitting before the machine) being for this purpose rounded off sufficiently to allow for this action. The tappet is held t its block 122 by a screw 123 forming the pivot on which it swings. and a spring 124- constantly urges the tappet to the position in which it will be effective on the forward stroke of the carriage, said spring coiled about a couple of rivets 125 within the body of the slot.

The machine is provided with a scale plate 132, suitably mounted on the carriage adjacent the column-stop rack-bar 42, for the purpose of enabling the operative to insert the stops {11 at any required denomination without going to the trouble of counting up letter-spaces, the notations on said scale corresponding to the notations on the ordinary scale 133 at the front of the typewriter carriage.

This scale plate, as seen in Fig. 1, is just about on a level with the upper shoulders 134 of the various stops. The scale is advantageously so mounted that said shoulders just catch in front of the scale when a stop is the stops may be said to be place; The scale 132 and its limber semi-locked in mountings are stop will release said scale from the shoulders 134.

In order to visibly indicate to the operative which side of the stop is to be read in connection with the scale 132, the wall 15 of the stop, by which the stop is arrested in tabulating. is prolonged at 135 beyond the rearmost rivet 48. thus forming sort of an indicator. while the other side 4-6 is rounded off nearly to the shape of the spacing member 47.

It will be noted from the subtraction stop shown in Fig. 12 that the bar 78 thereof is effective over nine letter-spaces; this being the number of letter-spaces covered by the register in the ordinary Hanson machine. lVith registers having a different capacity, correspondingly different subtraction bars 78 should be used.

The relationship of the starting and subtraction dogs6-it and 79 to the rest of the mechanism is such that the starting dog is effective in the lettereed of the carriage, which takes place as'a numeral key rises after writing a digit in the units column. The subtraction dog is so set with reference to the subtraction bar 78, that the machine goes to subtraction immediately the denomination-selector 27 enters the adding zone and becomes ineffective in the same space that the starting dog becomes effective.

pushed all the way home, and thus Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention. I claim:

1. A stop comprising. in combination. a frame, including side walls and spacing members for maintaining theends of said side walls fixed relatively to each other, an extension of each side wall constituting a tooth adapted to enter notches between teeth on one side of a rack bar. and a second extension of each of said side walls to engage the opposite side of said rack bar.

2. A stop comprising, in combination, a frame, including side walls and spacin members for maintaining the ends of saic side walls fixed relatively to each other, an extension of each side wall constituting a tooth adapted to enter notches between teeth on one side of a rack bar, a second extension of each of said side walls to engage the opposite side of said rack bar. a selector-dog pivoted on said frame to swing about an axis parallel to said side walls, a stop limit-- ing .the movement of said dog in one direction, and yielding means normally holding said dog against said stop.

3. A stop comprising. in combination, a frame, including side walls and spacing members for maintaining the ends of said side walls fixed relatively to each other, an extension of each side wall constituting a tooth adapted to enter notches between teeth on one side of a rack bar, a portion of one of said teeth being adapted to cooperate with a counter-stop, and a second extension of each of said side walls to engage the opposite side of said rack bar.

i. A stop comprising, in combination, a frame. including side walls and spacing members for maintaining said walls substantially fixed relatively to each other, an extension of each side wall constituting a tooth adapted to enter notches between teeth on one side of a rack bar, a second extension of each of said side walls to engage the opposite side of said rack bar, and means on one of said walls adapted to operate a tripping device.

5. The combination with two side walls, of spacing members holding said walls apart, devices for holding said walls to form a unitary structure. an opening in said walls adapted to embrace a rack bar, an extension of one of said walls forming an arresting member to constitute the structure of av column stop, and an extension of said extended wall adapted to operate a tripping mechanism.

6. The combination with two side walls, of spacing members holding said walls apart, devices for holding said walls to form a unitary structure, an opening in said walls adapted toembrace a rack bar, an extension of one of said walls forming an arresting member to constitute the structure of a column stop, and a bar projecting from said structure, secured by said spacing members and rivets between saicl walls and against one of them and bent at right angles to the outside of said walls to form a camming member having rounded ends.

7. An assortment or set of stops for use adjustably upon a rack bar having teeth on one side only, each of said stops comprising side walls. spacing means for maintaining.

said side walls fixed relatively to each other. an extension of each of said walls constitut ing a tooth to engage between the teeth on the rack bar, and a second extension of each of said side walls to engage the opposite side of the rack bar, one of said stops having a column-stop portion on the tooth of one of said side walls. a second stop provided in addition to a column-stop portion on'one of its teeth. with a column-selector-dog and means to operate a tripping mechanism. and a third stop constructed to perform the same funct'ons as the second stop, and, in addition, having means to trip subtraction-setting mechanism, each of said stops having a distinctive appearance.

8. An assortment or set of stops for use adjustably upon a rack bar having teeth on one side only, each of said stops comprising side walls, spacing means for maintaining said side walls fixed relatively to each other, an extension of each of said walls constituting a tooth to engage between .the teeth on the rack bar, and a second extension of each of said walls serving to engage the opposite side of the rack bar. one of said stops having a column-selector-dog and means to operate a tripping mechanism, and a second stop constructed to perform the same functions as the first stop, and, in addition, having means to trip subtraction-setting mechanism, each of said stops having a distinctive appearance.

9. The combination with a rack bar, of a column stop adapted to be inserted on said rack bar, teeth on said rack bar, spaced walls forming a part of said stop, engaging teeth on said rack bar separated by an interval of more than one tooth, holding members holding said walls together to make said stop an integral member, an opening in said walls adapted to embrace said rack bar, and a long extension of said opening adapted to permit said walls to yieldslightly to accommodate the stop to slightly varying sized rack bars and adapted to grasp all such rack bars 10. The combination with a rack bar, of a stop settable thereon comprising an elongated frame having side walls and means for holding the same in spaced relation, a tooth adapted to enter between teeth'on one side of said rack bar extending from each of said walls, and an extension of each side wall spaced from the tooth on the same wall, so that the extension and the tooth may embrace said rack' bar. I

11. The combination with a rack bar having teeth on one side only, of a stop settable thereon comprising two parallel plates, each of said plates having a slot with an open end, the portions of said plates on one side of ,the slots forming teeth to enter notches between the teeth on the bar, the slots being of suflicient width so, as to receive said rack bar, and a spacer between portions ofthe plates on the sides of the slots opposite the teeth, said spacer being positioned so closely to-said slots as to engage the sides of the teeth of the rack bar when an attempt is made to insert the stop in inverted position.

12. The combination with a stop bar having teeth on one side only, of a stop settable thereon comprising two parallel plates,

'ed to engage said rack each of said plates having an open-ended slot of such width that, when a portion of each plate on one side of the slot is inserted between the teeth of the stop bar, the oppo; site portion may be passed over the oppo- 'site side of the bar, and means to prevent thesetting of said stop in inverted position on said' bar.

13. The combination with a rack bar having teeth on one side and having no teeth on the-opposite side, of a column stopadaptbar, said stop having an elongated open-end slotted portion adapted to yield slightly to enable the stop to grasp the rack bar firmly, and said slotted portion comprising teeth and an opposite portion to engage said rack bar over. a considerableispace on the smooth side of said rack bar, so as to insure steadiness of said stop when placed on said rack bar.

14. The combination with a stop bar hav ing teeth on one side only, of a stop settable thereon comprising two parallel plates, each of which has an open-ended slot of sufficient width near its open end to receive the stop bar, and being narrower for the rest of its length, thereby preventing the stop from being placed too far on said stop bar, the lengths of the slots rendering the stop more flexible to enable the slotted plates to be spread in placing the same on the stop bar, so that the stop will be more firmly set thereon;

15. The combination with a rack bar, of a box-like ,stop adapted to embrace said rack bar, walls forming the sides of said box-like stop adapted to engage with teeth on said rack bar, a scale associated with said rack bar, and an extension of one of said sides adapted-to indicate on said scale the letterspace at which said stopis eflective; said scale adapted to lock said stop to said rack bar, said stop having a shoulderto engage said scale to be locked thereby, and said scale and its mountings being sufliciently resilient to permit finger pressure to lift said scale clear of the stop which it locks.

16. The combination With a rack bar, of a box-like stop adapted to embrace said rack walls forming the sides of said box-like stop adapted to engage with teeth on said rack bar, a scale associated with said rack bar, an extension of one of said sides adapted to indicate on said scale the letter-space at which said" stop is efiective, and devices associated with sad stop, to prevent placing of said stop in rack bar, so that its extended side will indicate the true denomination on saidlscale.

In a stop, two side walls separated from each other and adapted to engage separate teeth, an extension of one of said walls adapted to cooperate with a scaleyand holding means for holding said sides together adapted to selectively indicate the proper setting of said stop.

18. The combination with a rack bar, of a box-like stop adapted to embrace said rack bar, walls forming the sides of saidbox-like stop adapted to engage with teeth on said rack bar, a scale associated with said rack bar, an extension of one of said sides adapted to indicate on said scale the letter-space at which said stop is effective, and a denomination-selecting device located between the walls of said stop.

19. The combination with a stop bar having teeth on one side only, of a stop settable thereon and adapted to engage the bar along a portion of its length corresponding to a plurality of tooth spaces, and comprising a plate having an open-ended slot of sufficient width at its open end to receive the stop bar therein, and being narrower for the rest of its length to prevent the stop from being placed too far on said bar, the additional length of said slot rendering the plate more flexible to permit spreading of the slotted end of the plate in placing the same on the bar to insure a firmer setting for the stop.

20. The combination with a stop bar having teeth on one side only, of a stop settable thereon and adapted to engage the bar along a portion of its length corresponding to a plurality of tooth spaces, and comprising a plate having an openended slot to receive the stop bar, and'a shoulder at the side of the slot to limit the insertion of the stop bar, said slot being extended-beyond said shoulder to render the plate more flexible to permit spreading of the slotted end thereof in placing the stop on the bar, thereby insuring a firmer setting of the stop on the bar.

FREDERICK A. HART. Witnesses:

C. B. ANDERSON, R. F. HUBBARD.

verted position on said 7 

